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Manufacturing of Terfenol-D · Current State-of-the-Art
In 1995, the first true automated production system for the growth of Terfenol-D drivers was
commisioned. Termed the ECG (which stands for ETREMA Crystal Grower, shown at right), this
new system incorporated state-of-the-art furnace design. This system is capable of producing
drivers as large as 65mm in diameter or, with a change of the mold configuration, able to
produce multiple small diameter rods (15-30mm) simultaneously. Not only is the ECG more
cost effective than any of the previous growth methods (by at least a factor of 3, and
typically 7-10 times cheaper than previous methods), it also produces higher quality
Terfenol-D than both the BRDG and BP techniques. The automation of the system also enables
much higher repeatability in terms of batch-to-batch rod performance.
The graph below summarizes the key strain performance at 7 MPa prestress of the different
types of material as a function of the rod diameter and sites the year of introduction,
including expected performance increases currently in development.

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